What is a Gingivectomy?
Gingivectomy
A gingivectomy is a surgical procedure that is used to remove overgrown or excess gum tissue. A gum specialist or periodontist will typically treat the disease. In some cases, a gingivectomy is also used to treat gum disease. A gingivectomy is considered to be a cosmetic procedure used to restore the appearance of the gums and obtain symmetry. It is commonly used to fix what is called a gummy smile, where the teeth look shorter than normal due to the excess gum tissue.
Types
Below are the types of gingivectomies that can be performed:
- Traditional: During this procedure, a surgeon uses a scalpel to remove excess gum tissue. A small amount of bone may also require removal. Stitches are commonly used to close the incision, hold the gums in place, and slow any bleeding.
- Laser: A handheld laser is used by the surgeon for this procedure to remove excess gum tissue. One benefit of the laser is that it cauterizes or seals the gum tissue, meaning stitches are not necessary.
Candidates
Patients with the following issues or conditions are good candidates for a gingivectomy:
- Gum disease
- Overgrown gum tissue or a gummy smile
- Large periodontal pockets occur when the gums pull away from the teeth
- Following braces or another type of orthodontic treatment
- Tooth alignment issues that cause excess gum tissue
In some cases, certain medications can cause the growth of excess gum tissue. This can include things such as amlodipine, which is used to treat high blood pressure, and cyclosporine, which is an immunosuppressant. Patients who notice a change in their gums after they start taking a new medication should follow up with their healthcare provider. In some cases, the provider can change medications or modify the dosage to manage the side effects. Never stop or adjust your prescriptions without approval from your provider.
Preparation
Prior to undergoing a gingivectomy, the dental professional will discuss what to expect during the procedure. Patients do not typically need to do anything to prepare for the procedure. Patients who choose to receive sedation will need to arrange for transportation to and from their appointment, as they will not be able to drive.
Procedure
A high-level summary of the gingivectomy procedure is outlined below:
- Anesthesia: The surgeon will first administer local anesthesia to ensure the gums are numb. Sedation medication will also be given, if needed. The goal is to ensure patients remain comfortable and do not experience pain.
- Gum tissue removal: The surgeon will then use a laser or scalpel to remove the excess gum tissue.
- Reshaping of gums: Following the removal of gum tissue, the remaining gums will then be reshaped to achieve the desired shape and proportion.
- Bone reshaping: Some patients also require reshaping of the underlying bone. Small incisions will be made along the gum line to access and modify the bone.
- Sutures: Stitches are then used to close incisions and stop the bleeding. Stitches are not required for a laser gingivectomy.
- Bandage: A soft putty will be placed over the gums to protect the surgical site. The dressing will typically fall out on its own, or the surgeon can remove it during the follow-up appointment.
Procedure Duration
The gingivectomy procedure typically takes between 30 minutes and an hour. The duration will depend on the number of teeth being treated and the severity of the issue.
Patients who are concerned about the overgrowth of their gums should contact the office today for an appointment. The team can determine if you are a good candidate for a gingivectomy and discuss any questions you have regarding the procedure.